The course on Ecology and Microbiology is comprised of two components. The ecology component will deal with the scientific approaches to studying ecology, the physical conditions and the availability of resources, physiological adaptation and the distribution of species, qualitative sampling of vegetation in a field, ecology of populations, species interaction, communities and ecosystems, habitat degradation and conservation. From an ecological perspective, microorganisms are the major biological agents that drive biogeochemical cycles of nature. Microbiology is the study of organisms of microscopic size, including bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and fungi which affect every aspect of life on Earth. The microbiology component is concerned with the physiology, metabolic diversity of microorganisms, biochemistry, and genetic engineering, their primary habitat types, ecology and uses of bacteria, fungi and viruses. This course will be examined by two in-course examinations, field and laboratory practicals and an end of semester exam.