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150 My research interests have been inter-disciplinary and multi- disciplinary concentrated in the broad areas of socio- economic development women masculinities and gender. I was fortunate to begin my scholarly career at the period when this new and exciting area of research in Womens and Gender Studies was being introduced. An emerging field where there was space to explore new scholarly directions to create new bodies of knowledge and to lay the groundwork on which future scholars would build. More specifically my work has related to the examination of womens labour and social move- ment history radical Caribbean social and feminist thought the gendered implications of global economic development gender raceethnicity and citizenship feminist theory environmental studies gender and sexualities and Caribbean masculinities. In the area of womens labour and social movement history my work was supported by involvement in coordinating a regional research project in the 1980s started while still a graduate student at the Institute of Social Studies The Hague on the History of Womens Movements and Organisations in the Caribbean.That work created for the first time in the region an understanding that a womens movement existed in the English-speaking Caribbean since the late 19th Century there- fore concern with womens emancipation was not a 20th Century import from the United States and that womens work outside the home was central to plantation agriculture during the slave and post-emancipation periods and Caribbean women had been active in the labour movement since the post-emancipation period. This historical base has continued to influence my work since then. Gender ethnicity and difference In the early 1990s I began work on the research theme Race Class and Gender in the Caribbean then part of a larger project on The Future of the Caribbean led by then ISER Mona Director Prof. J. Edward Greene. I was struck at that time by the fact that during the late twentieth centuryinter-ethnic tensions were the cause of major conflicts in numerous parts of the world. Such conflicts as was seen in Rwanda were major causes of large-scale bloodshed. But they have specific gender implications. Central to these conflicts are concerns related to identity citizenship and unfulfilled manhood. For example women perceived as the bearers of culture and the protectors of the purityof the group are often sexually violated as part of the spoils of war. In many ways this represents a triumph of one group of men over another and this act of triumph takes a sexual form. Attacks on women such as rape or forced pregnancy therefore are ways through which such conflicts take place through the bodies of women. Most of these conflicts are the legacy of divide and rule colonial practice reflected today in post-colonial ethnic contes- tations. My research therefore sought to explore the specific ways in which inter-ethnic relations were constructed in multi- ethnicpost-colonial societies like Trinidad and Tobagothe ways in which these were shaped by history and the contemporary meanings for the people involved.It also aimed at providing the local population with understandings of their own role in perpetuating the myths and stereotypes that fuelled such tensions and which though benign at present could have deleterious consequences in the future. More recently I have also analysed the role of colonial and post-colonial censuses in the process of racial formation Winant 1994 59 in Trinidad and Tobago. As a result of this research 11 research papers have been written about nine of which are published as book chapters or refereed journal articles. Theorizing Manhood and Masculinities in the Caribbean a Beginning The theorising of masculinity and manhood and its relationship to femininity and womanhood is a significant development and important component of recent Caribbean feminist theorising. There is also a general concern in the region about the increase in young male criminality and resistance to formal education. In 1996 I organized the first regional conference on Caribbean masculinities which resulted in the bookInterrogating Caribbean Masculinities which brings together a multi-disciplinary range of essays addressing many of the issues of concern to our region today.Another result of this conference was the formation of the Caribbean Network for Studies of Masculinities which was located in the University of Puerto Rico.The UWI is recognized as a Centre of Excellence in Masculinity Studies world-wide. For example a sizeable body of research on gender and academic performanceachievement has emerged to which I contributed recently.This has continued to be a critical component of my own research and led to the development of the course Men and Masculinities in the Caribbean a second year course now taught to students in the Bachelor of Education as well as students in the Humanities and Social Sciences. SOCIAL SCIENCES INSTITUTE FOR GENDER DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Professor of Gender Social Change and Development Deputy Principal Tel 868 662 2002 ext. 82184 E-mail rhoda.reddocksta.uwi.edu PROF. RHODA REDDOCK